360, 720 penalties
These are the manoeuvres what you should avoid during races, still if you have to do it, than do it as fast as you can. That is why you have to practice them too.
How much sec do you need to do a 360? The fundamental assumption is that you have to do a perfect gyb and tack, with a perfect bearing away. Of course less rudder-work, because it just slows you down.
For a perfect 360 you should need only 4-6 sec. Depend on wind conditions.
Let see a short movie about 360.
It is a light wind condition, so the 6 sec is good. However they didn't used the centerboard. I am sure, they will practice it too how to handle it.
720: 2 gybes 2 tacks (2 bearing away and 2 luff). For this manoeuvre you should need only 12-15 sec. Depend on wind condition.
You can see the differences and also the distance after they finished the 720.
(They could be faster if they would use their upper body more effectively (hiking out) and also the centerboard and yes.. a little less rudder pumping.)
So it seams easy, but it isn't. It really needs a very good gyb and tack technique and the sailor must be in accord with his optimist.



360, 720 penalties



2008 EC 2nd 2010 EC 3rd